With around 2 billion people still without access to safe drinking water, this category is maybe the most important of all. Water is abundant, but its spatial, temporal, and qualitative distribution is uneven and changing. Thus, innovation can provide solutions in many areas ranging from monitoring and prediction of reservoirs, waterflows, and precipitation, to increasing water use efficiency, avoiding loss, protecting against pollution, and treating for safe consumption. Climate change has huge impact on water availability and also increases water hazards in the form of flooding and coastal erosion.